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health advisory Hospital Diseases 2007-11-12 17:57:05

Answer:

Fasting should be below 100 mg/dl. Two hours after eating should be below 140 mg/dl.

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Glucose in a non-pregnant non-diabetic is controlled over a very narrow range - 60 to 140 mg/dL (3.3 to 7.8 mmol/L in International Units - the United States is the only country which uses its own laboratory values) day and night in both the fasting and fed state. This range is fairly constant across nearly all circumstances including fasting, heavy glucose loads, and binging - although it may be shifted upwards during serious illnesses. There is a decrease in glucose clearance with age and therefore a slight shift upwards in normal blood glucose with age. Note that this range is much narrower than previously thought and that these values reflect blood glucose not tissue specific glucose values. The brain is the only obligate gluocse consumer thus brain cells utilize (within reasonable circumstances) glucose even in the absence of insulin. Nerve cells much prefer glucose as a food source and when insulin is inadequate these cells metabolize glucose by an alternative pathway involving sorbitol reductase which may be a factor in diabetic nerve damage. The present goal for patients with diabetes is to mimic 'normal' glucose levels - those noted above - although a diabetic with 'normal' glucose levels is not the same as a non-diabetic as their risk of a variety of diabetic complications and consequences remains elevated above normal individuals. Nonetheless - progress in the treatment of diabetes over the past 5 years has been truly remarkable. We are now able to achieve essentially 'normal' glucose levels in many diabetic patients. In addition - many new advances should be available within the next 5 years.

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fasting under 100

after meal 110

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